What is a privileged access gateway?
A privileged access gateway — also called a session broker or PAM gateway — sits between authenticated identities and infrastructure targets. Instead of giving operators direct network reachability, every SSH, RDP, database, or Kubernetes session flows through a central control plane that enforces policy, injects credentials, and records activity.
How is it different from a bastion host?
A bastion is a single jump box — often one per region or VPC — that reduces attack surface but leaks on identity, evidence, and scale. A gateway is the bastion pattern industrialized: one policy engine, identity-bound sessions, protocol brokering beyond SSH, and recording built in at the termination point.
How is it different from a password vault?
Vaults store and rotate secrets. Gateways broker access. Checkout logs show someone retrieved a password — not what they did on the target. Gateways inject credentials ephemerally at connect time and capture the full session for audit.
How is it different from VPN?
VPN grants network-wide reachability. Gateways grant session-level access to named targets for a defined window. VPN logs show connect and disconnect; gateway logs show commands, queries, and screen activity tied to an identity.
Why auditors care about gateway-native recording
Recording at the gateway means evidence does not depend on agents on targets that operators may control. Sessions are bound to identity, policy version, approver, and time window at decision time — producing structured exports that map to SOC 2 CC6, PCI Requirement 10, and HIPAA audit controls.